TOPIC 3 · GRADES 3–4

Multiplication Methods

Build products with equal groups, arrays, and partial products.

BIG IDEA

Multiplication combines equal groups. Break a larger factor into place-value parts, multiply each part, and add the partial products.

WHAT TO KNOW

  • An array makes rows × items in each row visible.
  • The distributive property splits a hard fact into friendly facts.
  • For 23 × 4, find 20 × 4 and 3 × 4, then combine them.

WATCH OUT

In 20 × 4, the zero matters: 2 tens × 4 is 8 tens, or 80.

TRY IT

Change the group size to compare an array with its partial-product equation.